Question Tags in English



How do you pronounce person B’s part in this conversation?

A: Hello. I’m here for a meeting with Mr Banks.

It’s a trick question! There are two possible ways to pronounce the “aren’t you” at the end.

You can either make your voice go up on the “aren’t you”, or make your voice go down on the “aren’t you”.

But the meaning of the sentence changes.
If your voice goes up, it’s a genuine question. You don’t know if the person is David Jones or not, so you want the person to say either yes or no.

But if your voice goes down, it’s not a real question. You’re pretty sure that the person is David Jones, and you want the other person to agree with you.

The biggest problem with question tags is

the pronunciation. It can be very difficult to


make your voice go up or go down at the

end of the question without getting out of

breath. The trick is to decide which word to stress.

If you stress the last word, your voice

automatically goes up, and it’s a genuine question.

If you stress the auxiliary “aren’t”, then

your voice automatically falls, and it’s a

request for clarification / agreement.

الموضوع الأصلي : Question Tags in English || المصدر :    

الموضوع الأصلي : MUSE words || المصدر :    

الموضوع الأصلي : on time or in time? || المصدر :    

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته ،

اسم المـرض

اسم اللـــــــه



اسم المـرض

اسـم اللـــــه

الموضوع الأصلي : أسماء الله الحسنى لها طاقة شفائية || المصدر :    

Al Salamu alikum

while studying SLA, I decided to share this with U my friends



contrastive analysis


CAH cont’d:

First: Learning a new language involves establishing a new set of language habits.


Second: The major source of error in the production and/or reception of a second language is the native language.


Third: One can account for errors by considering the differences between the L1 and L2.


Fourth: A corollary to item 3 is that the greater the differences, the more errors will occur.


Fifth: What one has to do in learning an L2 is learn the differences. Similarities can safely be ignored, as no new learning must occur.


Sixth: Difficulty and ease in learning are determined respectively by differences and similarities between the two languages.


CAH: Problems:


•Predictions of the CAH were not borne out in practice


–Learners made errors that couldn’t be traced to either the L1 or the L2:


*He comed yesterday.


Critique of contrastive analysis:


–The process of L2 acquisition is not sufficiently


described by the characterization of errors.


–Errors in L2 acquisition do not only arise from interference.


–The structural differences between two languages are not sufficient to predict the occurrence of errors in L2 acquisition

الموضوع الأصلي : contrastive analysis || المصدر :    

English words and phrases connected with injury.


Boil = infected swelling with liquid inside it: "You'll need to go to the doctor to have that boil lanced." (lance – puncture and clean)

Lump = swelling: "I have a strange lump on my arm. I wonder what caused it."

Rash = allergic reaction which makes your skin go red: "When she used the soap her skin came out in a rash."

Scab = dry skin that forms over a cut: "Don't pick at your scab – you might make it bleed."

Spot = red mark on the skin (much smaller than a boil): "When he was a teenager he had a lot of spots."

Swelling = an irritation or infection that makes the skin rise: "After the wasp stung her, she had a swelling on her leg for days."

These words can be used as nouns and verbs


Bruise = when the skin goes blue and yellow: "She fell down the stairs and bruised her arm."

Bump = when you hit yourself and get a slight swelling:

"Ow! I bumped my head on the desk!"
"It's only a little bump – nothing serious."

Cut = when something sharp breaks your skin and you bleed: "He cut himself badly on the bread knife."

Gash = deep cut: "He gashed his hand badly on a piece of broken glass."
"That's a nasty gash. You might need stitches."

Graze = slight cut – not enough to bleed much: "When she was little, she was always grazing her knee."

Itch = when a part of your body makes you want to scratch it: "My eyes are itching – this atmosphere is too smoky for me."

Sprain = twist a part of your body: "She sprained her ankle when she slipped on the ice."
"My ankle looks swollen, but it's only a minor sprain."

الموضوع الأصلي : English medical vocabulary || المصدر :    

Three word expressions are common in English. Practising them and using them when you speak will help you sound more natural.
Here are ten common English expressions, along with an explanation and example sentence.

Black and white
Dos and don'ts
Haves and have nots
Ins and outs
Kiss and tell
Odds and ends
P's and Q's
Pros and cons
Rights and wrongs
Tried and tested

black and white = something which is extremely clear: "He told her in black and white that she couldn't leave the house while he was out."

dos and don'ts = the rules: "There are various do's and don'ts about driving in the UK."

haves and have nots = people who are rich and those who are not: "In London you can find the haves and have nots of the population."

ins and outs = the details: "I don't know the ins and outs of the situation, so I can't really advise you."

kiss and tell = when someone sells a story of themselves and a famous person: "The British tabloids are famous for publishing kiss and tell stories."

odds and ends = small pieces of various items: "She made a stew with the odds and ends she found in the fridge."

P's and Q's = manners (such as please and thank you): "Mind your P's and Q's when you visit them!"

pros and cons = advantages and disadvantages: "There are a few pros and cons that we should consider before buying a new house."

rights and wrongs = all the good points and bad points of a situation: "Regardless of the rights and wrongs of company policy, you need to give a month's notice."

tried and tested = something which has been well tested: "Using salt is a tried and tested way of getting red wine out of a carpet."




Here are ten more expressions:

ups and downs = very good times and very bad times: "They have a lot of ups and downs in their relationship."

come and go = use somewhere as your base: "Feel free to come and go as you please!"

dribs and drabs = not a steady amount of something: "The marathon runners finished in dribs and drabs."

said and done = to have the final word on something: "When it's all said and done, the new reception area is going to be a credit to the company

cat and mouse = doing something in the same way that a cat plays with a mouse: "The guerillas played a cat and mouse game with the much better-equipped army."

trial and error = to do something new by making experiments and occasionally failing: "The new computer system has been installed. But it's a bit trial and error at the moment – nobody really knows how to use it."

down and out = someone who has no money at all who has to live on the street: "There are too many young down and outs in London."

by and large = generally: "By and large, our customers prefer good service to low prices."

Up and running = in operation: "The new company is now up and running."

Noughts and crosses = a game where you take it in turns to put your symbol (either a nought or a cross) into one of nine spaces. The idea is to have a row of either three noughts or three crosses, but your opponent tries to block you. The game looks like this:

O X O
X O X
X O X

Bring and buy = a fair where people try to raise money for a cause by bringing something that other people might want to buy: "I'm making a cake for the school's bring and buy next week."

Hide and seek = a children's game where one child hides and the others try to find him / her: "Someone's been playing hide and seek with the TV remote control again!"

Around and about = a vague phrase to avoid saying where you have been exactly: "Where have you been – I've been worried!"
"Oh, around and about, you know."

To and fro = another way of saying "back and forth": "I'm exhausted – I've been going to and fro all week!"

Over and out = something you say to show you have come to the end of your message: "The last thing they heard from the pilot was 'over and out'."

Done and dusted = properly finished: "Well, that's this project done and dusted. We need a holiday now."

Dead and buried = something that will not happen: "That idea is now dead and buried – the Executive Committee decided some time ago to go with another proposal."

Wine and dine = to entertain someone lavishly: "He's well-known for wining and dining his business partners."

Bread and butter = your main source of income, or the most important issue: "Health and education are the bread and butter issues facing the UK government."
Spick and span = very tidy and clean: "Her house is spick and span at all times."

Wheel and deal = to make deals when buying and selling things: "If you need a new car, try speaking to John. He's a bit of a wheeler and dealer!"


hope you like this topic
may ALLAH protect you

الموضوع الأصلي : English three-word phrases || المصدر :    

الموضوع الأصلي : All & Every || المصدر :    

Using the correct tense and verb form is important in English grammar. Here's a simple rule to help you choose which tense to use – which tense you use depends on how you see the event or action.


Routine or permanent situations

- use the simple form. For example, "I live in London" tells you that "live" is true all the time – London is my home.
"I lived in the countryside when I was a child" – this was a long-term situation in the past.



Temporary or continuing situations

- use the continuous form. For example, "I'm working as a secretary at the moment" – the job isn't permanent and maybe I'm doing it for a while until I get another job.
"House prices are rising" – they are continuing to rise and haven't stopped rising yet.
"She was wearing a black dress" – she put it on before I saw her and she still wore it after I saw her – wearing the dress continued over a period of time.



Connecting different times

- use the perfect form to show that one event was completed before another, or to show that one situation continues from one time to another.
For example, "I have lived here for two years" – I started to live here two years ago and I still live here.
"I will have finished the report before next week" – some time before next week, but I don't know exactly when.
"He had studied law before he met her" – he studied law before he met her, but we don't know when.

الموضوع الأصلي : How to choose your English tenses || المصدر :    

In spoken English we often use lots of or a lot of. In written English, it is more common to write many (for countable plural nouns) or a great deal of (for uncountable nouns) in positive statements.

A common mistake is to use lot of. For example, "There are lot of accidents on this road". To avoid making this mistake, remember either to use a before lot, or to make lot plural – lots.

We can say either a lot of or lots of before a noun. For example, "There are a lot of people here" or "There are lots of people here". There isn't any difference between the two expressions.

We can also use a lot as an adverb to say how much you do something. For example, "She talks a lot".
A lot is also used in short answers. For example, "Do you like swimming?", "Yes,a lot."

الموضوع الأصلي : Using Lots of || المصدر :    

English idioms relating to
ANIMALS - BIRDS - FISH - INSECTS




Ants in one's pants People who have ants in their pants are very restless or excited about
something

"I wish he'd relax. He's got ants in his pants about something today!"

Make an ass of yourself If you behave so stupidly that you appear ridiculous, you make an
ass of yourself.
"Tom made an ass of himself by singing a love song outside Julie's door!"

Like a bat out of hell If something moves like a bat out of hell, it moves very quickly.
"He grabbed the envelope and ran like a bat out of hell."

Like a bear with a sore head If someone is behaving like a bear with a sore head, they are
very irritable and bad-tempered.
"When his team lost the match, Brad was like a bear with a sore head."

Break the back of the beast If someone breaks the back of the beast, they succeed in overcoming
a major difficulty.

"After hours of effort, the technicians finally broke the back of the beast
and turned the electricity back on again."

Eager beaver The term eager beaver refers to a person who is hardworking and
enthusiastic, sometimes considered overzealous.
"The new accountant works all the time - first to arrive and last to leave
- a real eager beaver!"

Have a bee in one's bonnet A person who has a bee in their bonnet has an idea which constantly
occupies their thoughts.
"She's got a bee in her bonnet about moving to New York."

The bee's knees If you say that someone or something is the bee's knees, you think
they are exceptionally good.
"Julie thinks she's the bee's knees" means that Julie has a
high opinion of herself!


Birds of a feather To say that two people are birds of a feather means that they
are very similar in many ways.

For the birds If you think something is for the birds, you consider it to be
uninteresting, useless, or not to be taken seriously.
"As far as I'm concerned, his theory is for the birds!"

Kill two birds with one stone. If you kill two birds with one stone, you succeed in doing
two things at the same time.
"By studying on the train on the way home every week-end,
Claire kills two birds with one stone."

Bitten by the bug If you develop a sudden interest or enthusiasm for something,
you are bitten by the bug.
"My dad decided to take up golf and was immediately bitten by
the bug."

Snug as a bug in a rug. This is a humorous way of saying that you are warm and comfortable.
"Wrapped up in a blanket on the sofa, she looked as snug as a bug
in a rug."

Like a red flag to a bull To say that a statement or action is like a red flag to a bull means
that it is sure to make someone very angry or upset.
"Don't mention Tom's promotion to Mike. It would be like a red flag
to a bull!"

Take the bull by the horns To take the bull by the horns means that a person decides to
act decisively in order to deal with a difficult situation or problem.
"After a number of children were hurt in the school playground, Sally took
the bull by the horns and called the headmaster."

Face like a bulldog chewing a
wasp To say that someone has a face like a bulldog chewing a wasp
means that you find them very unattractive because they have a
screwed-up ugly expression on their face.
"Not only was he rude but he had a



i'll complete if you like them

الموضوع الأصلي : English idioms relating to || المصدر :    

الموضوع الأصلي : أفعال إنجليزية وحروف الجر المناسبة لها || المصدر :    

** According as



أداة ربط بمعني ( تبعا ل - حسبما يترتب علي )


You may get the job or not , according as you pass
or fail the examination



** Accordingly


ظرف بمعني ( طبقا لذلك - من أجل ذلك )


You told me to shoot the rabid dog and I acted accordingly


وقد يرد كظرف رابط بمعني ( ومن ثم - وعلي ذلك ) ليربط بين جملتين ويكون في هذه

الحالة مسبوقا بنقطة أو فاصلة منقوطة ومتبوعا بفاصلة :


There was no wrong ; accordingly , there will be no
punishment



والظرف accordingly في هذه الحالة الأخيرة يتماثل في المعني والإستخدام مع الظرفين

consequently و therefore



** According to


حرف جر مركب بمعني ( تبعا ل - وفقا ل )


According to Al-Ahram , the new ambassador will reach
Cairo next week


Each player will be paid according to his fitness

الموضوع الأصلي : According as - Accordingly - According to || المصدر :    

الحرف السحري أو ما يسمى في الإنجليزية magic e وسمي بذلك لأنه يغير نطق الكثير من الكلمات (وهو لا ينطق) وبالتالي يتغير المعنى ففي مجموعة الكلمات التي منتهيه بـ e يرجع نطق الحرف إلى نطقه الأصلي في الأبجدية الإنجليزية
A B C E F G H I ... O

ولنأخذ هذه الأمثلة البسطية لنتعرف أكثر على حرف e الصامت

صوت A
at - ate
mat - mate
can - cane
plan - plane

هنا تغير صوت حرف العلة في كلمات المجموعة الثانية mate - cane - plane
فأصبحنا ننطق (a) كالنطق الأصلي في الحروف الأبجدية الإنجليزية وبالتالي تغير معنى الكلمات

صوت i
bit - bite
pin - pine
fin - fine

هنا تغير صوت حرف العلة في كلمات المجموعة الثانية bite - pine - fine
فأصبحنا ننطق (i) كالنطق الأصلي في الحروف الأبجدية الإنجليزية وبالتالي تغير معنى الكلمات

صوت O
not - note
hop - hope
mop - mope

هنا تغير صوت حرف العلة في كلمات المجموعة الثانية note - hope - mope
فأصبحنا ننطق (o) كالنطق الأصلي في الحروف الأبجدية الإنجليزية وبالتالي تغير معنى الكلمات



صوت u
cut - cute
us - use


هنا تغير صوت حرف العلة في كلمات المجموعة الثانية use - cute
فأصبحنا ننطق (u) كالنطق الأصلي في الحروف الأبجدية الإنجليزية وبالتالي تغير معنى الكلمات



ومن هنا نقول

Who can turn a can into a cane?
Who can turn a pan into a pane?
It's not too hard to see,
It's Silent E


ملاحظة هامة: حرف e ينطق في بعض الكلمات إذا أتي في آخر الكلمة مثل
be - he - she - apostrophe - catastrophe

الموضوع الأصلي : الحرف السحري || المصدر :    

الموضوع الأصلي : ألعب و كن فارس الأمثال || المصدر :    

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته ....

هذه لعبة مسلية ومفيدة بنفس الوقت ....

تساعدنا على معرفة الجمع باللغة الإنجليزية جيداً ...

اللعبة بكل بساطة ... هي أن أكتب كلمة بصيغة المفرد ...

ومن بعدي يكتب نفس الكلمة ولكن بصيغة الجمع ....

ويكتب أيضاً كلمة أخرى بصيغة المفرد ...

ليحولها من بعده إلى الجمع ....

بسم الله أبدأ .... أول كلمة هي:

ox

الموضوع الأصلي : لعبة (( أنا المفرد وأنت الجمع)) || المصدر :    

جوجل تحتفل بالذكرى الـ 200 للكاتب العالمى تشارلز ديكنز








يحتفل محرك البحث جوجل اليوم بالذكرى الـ 200 لميلاد الكاتب والروائى " تشارلز ديكنز" والذي يعتبر واحد من أعظم الروائيين الإنكليز في العصر الفكتوري.

هو (تشارلز جون هوفام ديكنز) ولد في (لاندبورت بورتسي) في جنوب إنجلترا عام 1812م لأبوين هما جون وإليزابيث ديكنز وكان ثاني أخوته الثمانية .. عاش طفولة بائسة لأن أباه كان يعمل في وظيفة متواضعة لهذا اضطر إلى السلف والدين ولم يستطع السداد فدخل السجن، لهذا اضطر تشارلز لترك المدرسة وهو صغير وألحقه أهله بعمل شاق بأجر قليل حتى يشارك في نفقة الأسرة، وكانت تجارب هذه الطفولة التعسة ذات تأثير في نفسه فتركت انطباعات إنسانية عميقة في حسه والتي انعكست بالتالي على أعماله فيما بعد.

وقد تميَز أسلوب ديكنز بالدعابة والسخرية اللاذعة وتميز أدبه بالإهتمام بشئون الفقراء وتصوير مدي البأس و الشقاء الذى يعانون منه .. صور جانباً من حياة الفقراء، وحمل على المسؤولين عن المياتم والمدارس والسجون حملة شعواء..و كان ديكينز يحرص على التجول وحيدا ً في الأحياء الفقيرة بمدينة الضباب الاصطناعي (لندن) حيث يعيش الناس حياة مريعة وخارجة عن القانون في بعض الأحيان .

نشر ديكنز ما يزيد عن اثنتي عشرة رواية مهمة وعدداً كبيراً من القصص القصيرة - من ضمنها عدد من القصص التي تدور حول ثيمة عيد الميلاد -، وعدداً من المسرحيات، كما أنه كتب كتباً غير خيالية.

روايات ديكنز نُشرت مسلسلة في البداية في مجلات أسبوعية أو شهرية، ثم أعيدت طباعتها في هيئة كتب. وفي سن الرابعة والعشرين بالتحديد في عام 1836م...وقد أصدر ديكنز أولى رواياته الأدبية والتي كانت بعنوان (مذكرات بيكويك) والتي لاقت نجاحا ً ساحقا ً بالفعل وجعلته من أكثر الأدباء الإنجليز شعبية وشهرة، ثم ازدادت شهرته في إنجلترا وخارجها عندما توالت أعماله في العالم بلغات مختلفة
و في عام 1870 مات تشارلز ديكنز عن عمر 58 عاما ً بعد أن ترك للإنسانية هذا الكم الهائل من الكنوز الأدبية، ودفن في مدافن (وست مينستر ابي).


من اشهر رواياته (مغامرات أوليفر توست - أوقات عصيبة- أوراق بيكويك - حياة ومغامرات نيكولاس نيكلباي- متجر الفضول القديم).

يعتبر ديكينز بإجماع النقاد أعظم الروائيين الإنكليز في العصر الفكتوري، ولا يزال كثير من أعماله يحتفظ بشعبيّته حتى اليوم.


ودا رابط لحياته كاملة على موقع ويكيبيديا بالعربية والانجليزية









دمتم بكل خير ^ــــــ^

الموضوع الأصلي : تشارلز ديكنز || المصدر :    

الموضوع الأصلي : Passive Causative || المصدر :    

الموضوع الأصلي : “in the same boat & in the ballpark || المصدر :    

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته

أولاً مستحيل أتحداكم هوا أنا أقدر ...

طبعاً الكل يعرف بأن كلمة address تعني عنوان والكلمة تحمل في طياتها الكثير من المعاني لكم بعضها ... في سياقات مختلفة

The letter was returned as the address was unreadable
أرجعت الرسالة لأن العنوان كان غير واضح

She set up a new web address
أنشأت لها عنوان إلكتروني

He always handles problems with address
دائماً ما يتعامل مع المشاكل بحنكة / ببراعة

I can't find my address book
لم استطع العثور على دفتر العناوين

You can send the package to either my billing address or my office
يمكنك ارسال الطرد الخاص بي إما على صندوق بريدي أو إلى مكتبي

The new President's inaugural address lasted an hour
استغرق الخطاب الافتتاحي للرئيس ساعة

Write down your name and address before you leave the office
اكتب تفاصيلك الشخصية قبل أن تغادر المكتب

The shipping address was not written clearly
لم يكتب عنوان إرسال الشحن بصورة واضحة



كل ما سبق يمثل كلمة address كاسم noun لكن الكلمة تأتي كفعل ومعناها مختلف تماماً وهو يخاطب أو يوجه كلامه إلى مثلاً

The teacher addressed his questions clearly
وجه المعلم أسئلته بوضوح

He will have to address your comments to the head office
يجب عليه أن يوجه (يرسل) ملاحظاته إلى المكتب الرئيسي

المرسل يسمى addresser / addressor
المرسل إليه يسمى addressee

الموضوع الأصلي : أتحداك تعرف معنى address || المصدر :